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Handley Page Hermes
The Handley Page HP.81 Hermes was a British civilian airliner built by Handley Page in the 1940s and 50s. Closely related to Handley Page's Hastings military transport, the Hermes was a low-wing monoplane powered by four piston engines. 29 were built, serving briefly with BOAC in the early 1950s and later with several charter airlines.
==Design and development==
The Hermes was built to meet the 1944 Air Ministry specification for a pressurised civil transport capable of carrying 34 first-class or 50 tourist-class passengers, at the same time as the RAF required a new transport to replace its Handley Page Halifax, for which Handley Page designed the very similar Handley Page Hastings.〔Jackson 1973, p.247.〕 Unlike the tail-wheel Hastings, the Hermes was planned to have a nose wheel undercarriage, although the first two prototypes, of which the first was an unpressurised "bare shell" and the second to be pressurised and fully equipped.〔Barnes 1976, pp.437—437.〕 It was intended to introduce the Hermes before the Hastings, but production was delayed after the first prototype (HP 68 Hermes 1), registered ''G-AGSS'' crashed on its maiden flight shortly after takeoff on 2 December 1945.〔Barnes 1976, p437.〕 Handley Page's chief test pilot and the chief test observer were both killed.〔("Loss of the prototype Hermes" ) ''Flight'' 6 December 1945.〕 Development of the civil Hermes was delayed to resolve the instability that caused the accident to the first prototype, and the chance was taken to lengthen the second prototype, producing the HP 74 Hermes II (''G-AGUB''), first flying on 2 September 1947.〔
Meanwhile, orders were placed on 4 February 1947 for 25 of the definitive HP 81 Hermes IV, fitted with a tricycle undercarriage and powered by 2,100 hp (1,570 kW) Bristol Hercules 763 engines, for BOAC and two HP Hermes V, powered by the Bristol Theseus turboprop engines.〔Barnes 1976, p.461.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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